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Adele released her second studio album, 21, in early 2011.[8][9] The album was well received critically and surpassed the success of her début,[10] earning the singer numerous awards in 2012 including a record-equalling six Grammy Awards,[11] including Album of the Year, two Brit Awards and three American Music Awards. The album has been certified 16 times platinum in the UK;[5] in the U.S. the album has held the top position longer than any other album since 1985, and is certified Diamond.[12][13][14] The album has sold 30 million copies worldwide.[15][16]
The success of 21 earned Adele numerous mentions in the Guinness World Records.[17] Adele is the first female in the history of the Billboard Hot 100 to have three singles in the top 10 at the same time as a lead artist, and the first female artist to have two albums in the top five of the Billboard 200 and two singles in the top five of the Billboard Hot 100 simultaneously.[18] 21 is the longest running number one album by a female solo artist on the UK and U.S. Albums Chart.[19][20] In 2011 and 2012, Billboard named Adele Artist of the Year.[21][22] In 2012, Adele was listed at number five on VH1's 100 Greatest Women in Music,[23] and the American magazine Time named Adele one of the most influential people in the world.[24] In 2013, she received an Academy Award as well as a Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song for her song "Skyfall", written for the James Bond film of the same name.[25]
Adele Laurie Blue Adkins was born in Tottenham, north London, England, to Englishwoman Penny Adkins (born c. 1970) and Welshman Mark Evans on 5 May 1988. Evans left when Adele was two, leaving her 20-year-old mother to raise her single-handedly.[26][27][28] She began singing at age four and asserts that she became obsessed with voices.[29][30] Adele has cited the Spice Girls as a major influence in regard to her love and passion for music, stating that "they made me what I am today."[31] Adele impersonated the Spice Girls at dinner parties as a young girl.[32] To make her look like English R&B and urban contemporary singer Gabrielle, her mother made an eye patch with sequins, which Adele later said was embarrassing.[33] At the age of nine, Adele and her mother, a furniture maker and adult learning activities organiser, relocated to Brighton.[34]
Two years later, she and her mother moved back to London; first to Brixton, and then to neighbouring district West Norwood, in south London.[35] West Norwood is the subject for Adele's first record, "Hometown Glory", written when she was 16.[36] After moving to south London, she became interested in R&B artists such as Aaliyah, Destiny's Child and Mary J. Blige.[37]
Adele says that one of the most defining moments in her life was when she watched Pink perform at Brixton Academy. "It was the Missundaztood record, so I was about 13 or 14. I had never heard, being in the room, someone sing like that live [...] I remember sort of feeling like I was in a wind tunnel, her voice just hitting me. It was incredible."[38][39]
Aged 14, Adele discovered Etta James and Ella Fitzgerald by accident as she stumbled on the artists' CDs in the jazz section of her local music store and was struck by their appearance on the album covers.[36] Adele states she "started listening to Etta James every night for an hour", and in the process was getting "to know my own voice."[36] Adele graduated from the BRIT School for Performing Arts & Technology in Croydon in May 2006,[40] where she was a classmate of Leona Lewis and Jessie J.[3][41] Adele credits the school with nurturing her talent[42] even though at the time she was more interested in going into A&R and hoped to launch other people's careers.[3]
Four months after graduation, she published two songs on the fourth issue of the online arts publication PlatformsMagazine.com.[43] She had recorded a three-song demo for a class project and gave it to a friend[3] who posted it on Myspace where it became very successful and led to a phone call from music label XL Recordings. She doubted if the offer was real because the only record company she knew was Virgin Records, and she took a friend with her to the meeting.[41][44] Nick Huggett at XL recommended Adkins to manager Jonathan Dickins at September Management and in June 2006 Dickins became her official representative.[45] September was managing Jamie T at the time and this proved a major draw for Adele, a big fan of the British singer-songwriter. Huggett then signed Adele to XL in September 2006.[45] Adele provided vocals for Jack Peñate's song, "My Yvonne", for his debut album, and it was during this session she first met producer Jim Abbiss, who would go on to produce the majority of her debut album 19, and tracks on 21.[46] Adele's breakthrough song, "Hometown Glory", was released in October 2007.[45] Adele supported Will Young at the 2007 MENCAP Little Noise Sessions, a charity concert at London's Union Chapel.
In 2008 she was the headliner and performed an acoustic set and was supported by Damien Rice.[47][48] She became the first recipient of the BRIT Awards Critics' Choice and was named the number-one predicted breakthrough act of 2008 in an annual BBC poll of music critics, Sound of 2008.[49][50] 19, named for her age at the time she wrote many of its songs, entered the British charts at number one. The Times Encyclopedia of Modern Music named 19 an "essential" blue-eyed soul recording.[51] She released her second single "Chasing Pavements" on 14 January 2008, two weeks ahead of her debut album, 19. The song reached number two on the UK Chart, and stayed there for four weeks.[52] Adele was nominated for a 2008 Mercury Prize award for 19.[53] She also won an Urban Music Award for "Best Jazz Act".[54] She also received a Q Awards nomination in the category of Breakthrough Act[55] and a Music of Black Origin nomination in the category of Best UK Female.[56] In March 2008, Adele signed a deal with Columbia Records and XL Recordings for her foray into the US.[57] She embarked on a short North American tour in the same month.[57] 19 was released in the US in June.[42] Billboard magazine stated; "Adele truly has potential to become among the most respected and inspiring international artists of her generation."[58] The An Evening with Adele world tour began in May 2008 and ended in June 2009.
Adele performing live in 2009
She later cancelled the 2008 US tour dates to be with a former boyfriend. She said in Nylon magazine in June 2009, "I'm like, 'I can't believe I did that.' It seems so ungrateful.... I was drinking far too much and that was kind of the basis of my relationship with this boy. I couldn't bear to be without him, so I was like, 'Well, OK, I'll just cancel my stuff then'." By the middle of October 2008, it appeared that Adele's attempt to break into America had failed.[59][60] Then, she was the musical guest on 18 October 2008 episode of NBC's Saturday Night Live. The episode included an expected appearance by then US vice-presidential candidate Sarah Palin. The program earned its best ratings in 14 years with 17 million viewers. Adele performed "Chasing Pavements" and "Cold Shoulder",[61] and the following day, 19 topped the iTunes charts and ranked at number five at Amazon.com while "Chasing Pavements" rose into the top 25.[62] The album reached number 11 on the Billboard 200 as a result, a jump of 35 places over the previous week.[63] In November 2008 Adele moved to Notting Hill after leaving her mother's house, a move that prompted her to give up drinking.[64] The album was certified as gold in February 2009 by the Recording Industry Association of America.[65] By July 2009, the album had sold 2.2 million copies worldwide.[66]
In 2010, Adele received a Grammy nomination for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance for "Hometown Glory".[67] In April her song "My Same" entered the German Singles Chart after it had been performed by Lena Meyer-Landrut in the talent show contest Unser Star für Oslo (Our Star for Oslo), in which the German entry to the Eurovision Song Contest 2010 was determined.[68][69] In late September, after being featured on The X Factor, Adele's version of Bob Dylan's "Make You Feel My Love" re-entered the UK singles chart at number 4.[70] During the 2010 CMT Artists of the Year special, Adele performed a widely publicised duet of Lady Antebellum's "Need You Now" with Darius Rucker.[71] This performance was later nominated for a CMT Music Award.[72]
Adele released her second studio album, 21, on 24 January 2011 in the UK and 22 February in the US.[9][73] She said that the album was inspired by the breakup with her former partner.[27] The album's sound is described as classic and contemporary country and roots music. The change in sound from her first album was the result of her bus driver playing contemporary music from Nashville when she was touring the American South, and the title reflected the growth she had experienced in the prior two years.[73] Adele told Spin Magazine "It was really exciting for me because I never grew up around [that music]."[8] 21 hit number 1 in more than 26 countries, including the UK and the US.[74][75][76]
An emotional performance of "Someone like You" at the 2011 BRIT Awards on 15 February propelled the song to number one in the UK.[77] Her first album, 19, re-entered the UK album chart alongside 21, while first and second singles "Rolling in the Deep" and "Someone like You" were in the top 5 of the UK singles chart, making Adele the first living artist to achieve the feat of two top-five hits in both the Official Singles Chart and the Official Albums Chart simultaneously since the Beatles in 1964.[78] Both songs topped the charts in multiple markets and broke numerous sales performance records. Following her performance of "Someone like You" at the 2011 MTV Video Music Awards, it became Adele's second number-one single on the Billboard Hot 100.[79] By December 2011, 21 sold over 3.4 million copies in the UK, and became the biggest-selling album of the 21st century, overtaking Amy Winehouse's Back to Black,[80][81] with Adele becoming the first artist ever to sell three million albums in the UK in one calendar year.[82][83] "Set Fire to the Rain" became Adele's third number one single on the Billboard Hot 100, as Adele became the first artist ever to have an album, 21, hold the number-one position on the Billboard 200 concurrently with three number one singles.[84]
To promote the album, Adele embarked upon the "Adele Live" tour, which sold out its North American leg.[85] In October 2011, Adele was forced to cancel two tours because of a vocal-cord haemorrhage. She released a statement saying she needed an extended period of rest in order to avoid permanent damage to her voice.[86] In the first week of November 2011 Steven M. Zeitels director of the Center for Laryngeal Surgery and Voice Rehabilitation at the Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston performed laser microsurgery on Adele's vocal cords to remove a benign polyp.[87][88][89] A recording of her tour, Live at the Royal Albert Hall was released in November 2011, debuting at number one in the US with 96,000 copies sold, the highest one-week tally for a music DVD in four years, becoming the best-selling music DVD of 2011.[90] Adele is the first artist in Nielsen SoundScan history to have the year's number-one album (21), number-one single ("Rolling in the Deep"), and number-one music video.[91] At the 2011 American Music Awards on 20 November, Adele won three awards; Favorite Pop/Rock Female Artist, Favorite Adult Contemporary Artist, and Favorite Pop/Rock Album for 21.[92] On 9 December, Billboard named Adele artist of the year, Billboard 200 Album of the year (21), and the Billboard Hot 100 Song of the year ("Rolling in the Deep"), becoming the first female ever to top all three categories.[21][93]
Adele at the 70th Golden Globe Awards in Beverly Hills, California, on 13 January 2013
Following the throat microsurgery, she made her live comeback at the 2012 Grammy Awards in February.[94] She won in all six categories for which she was nominated, making her the second female artist after Beyoncé in Grammy history to win that many categories in a single night.[95] Following that success, 21 achieved the biggest weekly sales increase following a Grammy win since Nielsen SoundScan began tracking data in 1991.[96][97] Adele received the BRIT Award for Best British Female Solo Artist, and British Album of the Year.[98][99] Following the Brit Awards, 21 reached number 1 for the 21st non-consecutive week on the UK Album Chart.[100] The album has sold over 4.5 million copies in the UK where it is the fourth best-selling album of all time.[101] In October, the album passed the 4.5 million mark in the UK, and in November surpassed the 10 million mark in the US.[14][102][103] Adele is the only artist or band in the last decade in the US to earn an RIAA Diamond certification for a one disc album in less than two years.[102]
In October 2012, Adele confirmed that she had been writing and recording the theme song for Skyfall, the twenty-third James Bond film.[104][105] The song "Skyfall", co-written with producer Paul Epworth, was recorded at Abbey Road Studios, and features orchestrations by J. A. C. Redford.[106][107] Adele stated recording "Skyfall" was "one of the proudest moments of my life." On 14 October, "Skyfall" rose to number 2 on the UK Singles Chart with sales of 92,000 copies bringing its overall sales to 176,000, and "Skyfall" entered the Billboard Hot 100 at number 8, Adele's first song to debut in the Top 10, selling 261,000 copies in the United States in its first three days.[108] This tied "Skyfall" with Duran Duran's "A View to a Kill" as the highest-charting James Bond theme song on the UK Singles Chart.[109] "Skyfall" has sold more than two million copies worldwide[110] and earned Adele the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song[111] and the Academy Award for Best Original Song.[112] In December 2012, Adele was named Billboard Artist of the Year, and 21 was named Album of the Year, making her the first artist to receive both accolades two years in a row.[22] Adele was also named top female artist.[22] The Associated Press named Adele Entertainer of the Year for 2012.[113] The 2013 Grammy Awards saw Adele's live version of "Set Fire to the Rain" win the Grammy Award for Best Pop Solo Performance, bringing her total wins to nine.[114]
On 3 April 2012, Adele confirmed that her third album would likely be at least two years away, stating, "I have to take time and live a little bit. There were a good two years between my first and second albums, so it'll be the same this time." She stated that she would continue writing her own material.[115] At the 2013 Grammy Awards, she confirmed that she was in the very early stages of her third album and was having meetings while staying in Los Angeles for the Oscars, despite previously denying reports.[116][117] She also stated that she will most likely work with Paul Epworth again.[116] Others since reported to be working with Adele on her new album include Kid Harpoon, James Ford, Phil Collins, Ryan Tedder and Diane Warren.[118][119][120][121][122]
In September 2013, Wiz Khalifa confirmed that he and Adele had collaborated on a song for his upcoming fifth studio album, Blacc Hollywood, although the collaboration did not make the final track listing.[123] In January 2014, Adele received her tenth Grammy Award with "Skyfall" winning Best Song Written for Visual Media at the 56th Annual Grammy Awards.[124] On the eve of her 26th birthday in May 2014, Adele posted a cryptic message via her Twitter account which prompted media discussion about her next album. The message, "Bye bye 25... See you again later in the year", was interpreted by outlets including the Daily Mail and Capital FM as meaning that her next album would be titled 25 and released later in the year.[125][126] In 2014, Adele was nominated for nine World Music Awards.[127] In early August, Paul Moss suggested that an album would be released in 2014 or 2015.[128] In October 2014, accounts filed with Companies House by XL Records ruled out a 2014 release. "There will not be a further new release by Adele during 2014 and consequently there will be a fall in XL's turnover and profits."[129]
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Adele has been criticized by celebrities such as Karl Lagerfeld[137] and Joan Rivers[138] for her weight, but has gained the support of many others, by stating that she is happy with her weight and would only change if it affected her health or sex life.[139]
Politically, Adele is a supporter of the Labour Party, despite in May 2011 having reportedly expressed views on taxation that were counter to those of the party.[140][141] Born in Tottenham, she supports her hometown Premier League football club Tottenham Hotspur.[142] In April 2013, it was reported Adele had an estimated £30 million ($47.9m) fortune, making her the wealthiest young British musician under 30 years of age.[143]
Adele has stated that her biggest musical influences are Etta James and Beyoncé.[148][149] She has also stated that growing up, she listened to the Spice Girls,[150] The Cure, Dusty Springfield,[151] and others. She also claims that her mother, who is very close with her, exposed her to the music of Aaliyah, Lauryn Hill, Mary J. Blige, and Alicia Keys, all of which inspired her as well.[152] One of Adele's earliest influences was British soul artist Gabrielle, who Adele has admired since the age of five, performing as the Hackney born star with an eye-patch in a school talent contest.[153]
Adele has named Pink as one of her biggest musical influences and considers Pink's performance at Brixton Academy in London as one of "the most defining moments" in her life, saying "It was the Missundaztood record, so I was about 13 or 14. I had never heard, being in the room, someone sing like that live. I remember sort of feeling like I was in a wind tunnel, her voice just hitting me. It was incredible."[154][155]
Following the release of her debut album 19, Kanye West and Beyoncé were among the artists vocal in their praise of her music.[42] Beyoncé cited Adele as one of the influences for her fourth album, 4.[156] Madonna expressed a desire to collaborate with Adele, commenting; "I think she's brilliant, I love her". When asked about how one composes soul music, singer Patti LaBelle explained: "I believe that you first of all have to have soul. You could be white, black - it doesn't matter - straight or gay. You can compose from your soul. And if it's your soul - like Adele - she's a beautiful big ole white woman, okay? Now, does she have that soul and she composes and she does it all."[157]
Celine Dion performed "Rolling in the Deep" at her show at the Colosseum at Caesars Palace, after telling the crowd, "I love Adele so much. She's amazing."[158] J. J. Burnel of The Stranglers is also a fan, stating; "She had me riveted... Of course she's huge and normally that would turn me off because it's too commercial. But I was seriously impressed".[159] Dave Grohl of Foo Fighters and Nirvana fame has repeatedly praised Adele in interviews.[160][161] Former Guns N' Roses guitarist Slash stated; "She's great. She's a shot in the arm for this industry. She writes her own music that's not at all contrived. And she's managed to sell loads of records which makes her a great example to the younger artists."[162]
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